• Catherine Naughtie

  • Theme:Transport, Behaviour and Society
  • Project:Rethinking vulnerability: Perception, Behaviour, and Power Differentials in Mixed Road-User Interactions
  • Supervisor: Lorraine Whitmarsh ,Janet Bultitude ,Chris Brace
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Catherine Naughtie

Bio

Catherine recently completed an MSc in Psychology with distinction at the University of Gloucestershire, specialising in attention and decision making. She has been involved in several projects researching situational awareness in complex environments and high-pressure situations. She has joined the AAPS CDT to research interactions between different classes of road users and how the introduction of autonomous technologies, driver assistance systems, and ‘smart’ infrastructure may influence these interactions. She is particularly interested in how changes to propulsion systems may impact vulnerable road users, such as cyclists and pedestrians, and how they interact with vehicles.

FunFacts

  • As a child, I loved football and used to play for a local team
  • I enjoy reading and have more books than bookshelves
  • I love animals and I used to volunteer at a dog sanctuary
  • I’ve been a vegetarian for 17 years

Rethinking vulnerability: Perception, Behaviour, and Power Differentials in Mixed Road-User Interactions

Classifying road users based on their characteristics allows researchers and policy makers to make general distinctions between different types of road users who may have different needs. The classification vulnerable road user (VRU) is frequently used to describe road users who are not protected by the frame of a vehicle and considered to be high-risk (e.g., motorcyclists, cyclists, or pedestrians). However, there is a body of research challenging this classification, highlighting the emphasis it places on road users as ‘vulnerable’ rather than the vulnerabilities caused by external factors, such as infrastructure design and the behaviour of other road-users. Although this critique is not new, the issues identified in this critical literature are not coherently addressed in empirical work involving these road users that uses the VRU construct and forms assumptions based on it.

This PhD research will explore alternative approaches to categorising road users, particularly those considered vulnerable, and using these categories to understand road-user interactions through modelling and analysis. The aim of the project is to develop a theory to understand road user vulnerability from a complex systems perspective. The project comprises three phases: a theoretical phase to develop the conceptual foundations for the approach, an experimental phase to identify important road user characteristics, and a modelling phase, to verify and iterate the theory developed in phase two and explore relevant metrics and investigate the dynamics of how vulnerability changes as a function of its component parts.
The first phase will examine how the VRU classification is understood across disciplines, explore VRU behaviour and power differentials on the road, and evaluate how the classification is currently operationalised in modelling and analysis. This will involve conducting a scoping literature review, The second phase will employ mixed methods and use secondary census and transport use data, route planning analysis, and photo ethnography to understand the factors that can act as ‘hinge points’, where VRUs change their route or mode of transport. A subsequent study will systematically analyse existing approaches used to interpret VRU behaviours and intentions in transport modelling and predictive systems and how the factors identified in study one are incorporated. This initial work provides a foundation to understand the state of the art, identify important factors that influence VRU behaviour, and identify priorities and metrics to be used in modelling. The aim of this phase is to analyse the processes and power dynamics underlying road user behaviours in a way that can be implemented in empirical modelling methodologies.

The third phase of this research will focus on theory development and simulation. Here, the theoretical processes identified in phase 2 will be formalised into causal models outlining the expected relationships between different elements of vulnerability and their link to behaviour. These models will then be tested and iteratively refined through agent based modelling. The aim of this phase is to explore the validity of the theory proposed and identify potential tipping points or critical factors that can influence road user behaviour based on changes in vulnerability.

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